The major issues of social security is a falling worker-to-beneficiary ratio one of the biggest problems facing Social Security is a demographic shift -- namely the retirement of baby boomers and the other is Rising life expectancies Another big demographic shift for the program relates to rising life expectancies. In the mid-1960s, the life expectancy of the average adult in the United States was about 70 years. By the mid-2010s, life expectancies had risen to 78.8 years. This improved life expectancy can be attributed to better health education, growing access to medical care, and improved pharmaceutical options.