Surprisingly, these genes make up only about 1-2% of the 3 billion base pairs of DNA. That means 98-99% of our entire genome has to do something other than code for proteins. Scientists call this non-coding DNA.
Her DNA in humans is 99.9% identical to his, and a 0.1% difference actually represents that mutations can occur at millions of different locations in the genome. The human genome is the complete set of human nucleic acid sequences encoded as DNA in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the cell nucleus and in small molecules of DNA found in individual mitochondria. These are the usually treated and be separately as the nuclear and the mitochondrial genomes. DNA is made up of chemical building blocks called nucleotides. These building blocks consist of her three parts:A phosphate group, a sugar group, and one of four nitrogenous bases. To form a DNA strand, nucleotides are attached to the strand with alternating phosphate and sugar groups.
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