According to the information provided by the question we have:
The structure labeled W represents the double stranded DNA that is found in the Nucleus of the animal cell. The arow labeled X represents the process of Transcription where DNA is decoded into a single strand of mRNA in the Nucleus.
The arrow labeled Y represents the process of Translation where the tRNA molecules bring which occurs in the Cytoplasm of the cell. The structure labeled Z represent Amino acids that are being brought to the ribosome by tRNA molecules and will ultimately make up the protein. This entire process is referred to as Protein Syntheis.
The molecules that are labeled as W, X, Y and Z are, respectively: the DNA molecule, transcription, translation and amino acids.
