Maintaining open spaces with healthy vegetation will probably limit water flow through urban areas and reduce the likelihood of flooding downstream.
In a drainage basin, flash floods happen in the top portion, whereas downstream floods happen in the bottom portion.
Contrary to popular belief, flood stage downstream of a dam can actually be increased for moderate and big floods, even though it is lower for minor floods.
Because of the increase in discharge downstream, both width and depth increase. The cross sectional shape of the stream will change as discharge rises, becoming deeper and wider.
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