According to current understanding, the key requirement for life is, Liquid Water.
A liquid is a substance that, when put under pressure, maintains its volume (almost) constant while taking on the shape of its container (or hyper-granular).
Due to the fact that it is the only form with a fixed volume but no set shape, it is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, gas, and plasma).
Atoms, which are minuscule vibrating material units coupled by intermolecular forces, are the building blocks of liquids.
A liquid can flow and assume a shape similar to a container, much like a gas can.
Some liquids can be compressed, but the majority of them cannot. A liquid keeps a largely constant density as opposed to a gas, which diffuses to fill all available space in a container.
The potential for growth, response to stimuli, metabolism, energy transformation, and reproduction are characteristics of life that set it apart from matter that lacks biological activities, such as signaling and self-sustaining processes.
There are many different types of life, including bacteria, fungus, protists, archaea, and plants. The science that examines life is called biology.
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