The oldest stage of succession shown in the figure attached below is the Forest.
Ecological succession is the process through which the organization of a biological community changes over time. There are two forms of succession;
- Primary succession
- Secondary succession
Primary succession: Primary succession occurs in basically dead places, this implies areas where the soil is unsuitable for supporting life due to causes such as freshly created sand dunes, or boulders left behind by a receding glacier.
Secondary succession: Secondary succession happens in places where a previously existing community has been eliminated; it is characterized by smaller-scale disruptions that do not eradicate all life and nutrients from the ecosystem.
In certain settings, succession achieves a climax, resulting in a stable population dominated by a few notable species. This condition of equilibrium is considered to occur when the biotic interactions web becomes so complex that no additional species may enter.
Therefore, we can conclude that the Forest is the oldest stage of the succession from the given diagram because the succession has achieved its climax, and no additional species may enter.
Learn more about ecological succession here:
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