40 years ago is referring to the post WWII removal of European claim to African countries, allowing them to be sovereign nations.
“Second Independence”, is African nations emerging from hangover government by their own leaders patterned after the old colonial powers.
Competition among Cold War powers, USA and USSR, to keep various countries in their sphere of influence allowed corruptive leadership.
Now the African nations are striving for true democratic reforms, free trade and self determination.
Much more available on the WWW.
