A population of Anolis lizards lives on the mainland. During a storm, three groups of Anolis migrate to three islands, one large, one medium sized and one small Approximately 200 lizards establish on the small island, 2000 on the medium-sized island, and 20,000 on the large island. You may assume that:_____.
a. the lizards that initially establish on each island are, at first, representative of the mainland population.
b. the islands support these population sizes over time (so 10 generations later there are still just 200 lizards on the small island).
c. Rates of mutation are negligible (i.e. no mutation).
mating is random, and the effective population size is the same as the total population size. I. In the next generation, on which island will genetic drift be strongest?
1. Small island,
2. medium island,
3. large island
Explain: ii. After 10 generations which island would you expect to have the highest heterozygosity?
1. Small island,
2. medium island,
3. large island
Explain: iii. Some Anolis lizards on these islands have a dominant allele L1 that confers an improved ability to leap over allele L2 at the same locus. This difference in leaping ability causes selection to favor the L1L2 or L1L1 genotypes over L2L2 by about s = 0.002. Given this information, and the information above:
1. On the big island, Natural selection will make it more likely that the L2 allele is lost
2. On the big island, Genetic drift will influence the frequency of the L2 allele
3. On the small island, Natural selection will make more likely that the L2 allele will be lost On the small island, Genetic drift will influence the frequency of the L2 allele on the small

(i) Genetic drift is a random or by the chance process which changes the frequency of the alleles in the population. The change in the frequency of the allele can be easily observed in the small population therefore the small island with the smallest size of the population will have the strongest genetic drift.

(ii) Heterozygosity of alleles that is with a dominant and a recessive allele is the result of the exchange of alleles in the population. The size of the population is finite on the island therefore the heterozygosity is not introduced in the small population but in a large population, it can be introduced as the mating is random.

(iii) The genetic drift is strongest on the small island therefore L2 allele can be easily influenced by this effect. The selection coefficient is very small that is 0.002 therefore no mutation is occurring on the island.