The observation that best supports the short-wing hypothesis is the linkage hypothesis, where two traits are controlled by genes located on the same chromosome. To understand more....
Linkage
When two traits are controlled by genes located on the same chromosome, we say that they are linked and the name given to this phenomenon is linkage or gene linkage.
A dihybrid that has two dominant genes linked on the same chromosome and two recessive genes linked on the homologous chromosome forms the cis position, whereas a dihybrid that has a dominant gene and a recessive gene linked to the same chromosome and another dominant linked to the other recessive gene on the homologous chromosome.
Linked genes tend to go to the same pole during meiosis (complete linkage) and, to confirm a hypothesis like this, it is necessary to carry out a testcross, which will give rise to an F1 generation with only two genotypes, the same as the parents - in independent genes, the F1 will have 4 different types: two equal to the parental and two different, the recombinants. In other words: in this test-cross, when it comes to linked genes, the recombination classes are absent.
With this information, we conclude that the linkage phenomenon may be the cause of the short wings in these animals.
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