The correct answer is 1
The concept of anomie was, in Sociology, coined by Émile Durkheim in the works "Da Social Division of Labor" (1893) and "Suic***" (1897) and later used in the work "Moral Education" (1902), where he addressed the role of morality in the fight against the anomic state. For this sociologist, anomie is a social situation produced by the weakening of social bonds and by the loss of society's ability to regulate the behavior of individuals, generating, for example, social phenomena such as s**c***. It is an absence of a “body of social norms” capable of regulating social interaction marked by “solidarity”.
For Durkheim, anomie is a temporary stage, the product of rapid social changes, loss of faith (in its broadest sense) and traditions. This stage, for him, is surpassed from the moment that interest groups determine new rules in order to regulate what is “maladjusted” in society.
