Answer:
d. that if the Sun's temperature were doubled, it would give off 16X more energy
Explanation:
Stefan's Law ;
According to this law ,the energy emitted by a body which have temperature T(in K) is proportional to the forth power of the temperature .This is apllicable for the black bodies(These bodies absorb all the incident radiation or we can say that these are perfect absorber bodies).
[tex]Energy\ \alpha\ T^4\\E \alpha\ T^4\\[/tex]
If we double the temperature then the energy will become 16 times of the initial energy.
That is why the option d is correct.