Answer:
Explanation:
Robert David Putnam is an American political scientist. He is Peter and Isabel Malkin Professor of Public Policy at the John F. Kennedy Department of Government at Harvard University. Putnam has developed a two-level game theory, which assumes that international treaties are useful if they are useful internationally. One of his most famous, but also controversial, works in The Single Bowling has been the unprecedented decline in civil, social, communal, and political life (social capital) that has had serious negative consequences since the 1960s. In a joint paper he published in 2010, the trend was reversed; Even though he supported the push for social capital, he also felt that his previous thesis ("Americans now play single bowling") is no longer true. He published a book entitled Children in America: Crisis in the Crisis, in March 2015, addressing inequality in America.
Putnam explains the relationship between negative trends in society from a theoretical point of view. He thinks of a common factor called social capital; It was originally developed by social theorist Alexis deTokevil as a force in America that allows democracy to grow in the "tendencies of a broader society" because of its proximity to society. Putnam has seen a declining trend in social capital since the 1960s. This decline in social capital is associated with increased poverty and at the same time political apathy. Low levels of social capital and social isolation are linked to the following:
- Lack of trust in the local government, leaders and the media.
- The child's political effectiveness, that is, his self-confidence.
- Low voter registration rates, but more interesting and informed about politics, more participation in protest rallies and social reform groups.
- High political propaganda but few expectations about achieving the desired result.
- Low expectations that others will cooperate to address collective dilemmas (for example, voluntary protection for water or energy shortages).
- Low probability of working on community project.
-For charitable or voluntary employment.
- Very few close friends.
- The quality of life and quality of life.
- Spending more time watching television and agreeing that "television is the most important form of entertainment."
