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Jan Baptista van Helmont did an important experiment related to photosynthesis. He weighed a small willow tree and a pot of soil. Jan then planted the tree in the pot. Over the course of five years, he added only water to the pot. At the end of five years, he weighed the tree and found that it had gained 74.4 kg. He weighed the soil, and it was only 57 g less.What do the results of this specific experiment demonstrate about what is needed for a plant to grow and increase its mass?
A. All of the food a plant needs to grow comes from the soil
B. Plants do not need soil to grow
C. Plants must be able to increase their mass using substances in addition to what is found in soil
D. All of the food a plant needs to grow comes from the water
E. Plants need oxygen to grow

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Answer:

C. Plants must be able to increase their mass using substances in addition to what is found in soil  

Explanation:

The plant increased its mass by 74.4 kg, and the mass of the soil decreased only by 54 g (less than 0.1 % the mass of the plant).

The plant must have gotten its mass from someplace other than the soil.

A is wrong. The plant gets its mass from someplace else.

B is wrong. Plants don't need soil as such, but they need the water that is in the soil.

D is wrong. The water contains no food. It is just water.

E is wrong. The experiment demonstrated nothing about oxygen.

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