The central dogma of molecular biology is the scheme that illustrates the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein. The processes include:
Genetic information is stored in DNA in the form of nucleotide bases.
This DNA sequence is converted into RNA sequence through a process called transcription. Transcription produces an mRNA which is complementary to the DNA sequence of the gene but contains ribonucleotides.
mRNA is read in the form of codons which are triplet codes of nucleotide bases specific for a specific amino acid. These codons are decoded and translated into proteins through the process of translation.
Both processes of transcription and translation combined with post-translational modifications of proteins is termed as gene expression.
