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Question 22 Write the empirical formula for at least four ionic compounds that could be formed from the following ions:

(a) PO4^3-,
(b) NH4^+,
(c) Fe^3+,
(d) ClO3^-

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Answer:

We can use the criss-cross method to work out the formulas.  

Explanation:

The steps are

  1. Write the symbols of the anion and cation.
  2. Criss-cross the numbers of the charges to become the subscripts of the other ion.
  3. Write the formula with the new subscripts.
  4. Divide the subscripts by their highest common factor.
  5. Omit all subscripts that are 1.

When we use this method, the formula for the compound formed from NH₄⁺ and PO₄³⁻ becomes (NH₄)₃PO₄.

The table below lists the formulas for the possible combinations.

[tex]\begin{array}{ccc}& \textbf{PO}_{4}^{3-} & \textbf{ClO}_{3}^{-}\\\textbf{NH}_{4}^{+} & \text{(NH$_{4}$)$_{3}$PO$_{4}$} & \text{NH$_{4}$ClO}_{3}\\\textbf{Fe}^{3+} & \text{FePO}_{4} & \text{Fe(ClO$_{3}$)}_{3}\\\end{array}[/tex]

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Empirical formula is the chemical formula of the simplest ratio of the number of atoms of each element present in a compound. Ionic compounds is formed when the complete transfer of electrons takes place from one element (usually metals) or group of atoms (polyatomic positive ions) to another element (usually non-metals) or group of atoms (polyatomic negative ions).

To form the ionic compounds of the given ions, we must combine a positive and a negative ion together.

  • When [tex]NH_4^+[/tex] combines with [tex]PO_4^{3-}[/tex], it produces an ionic compound that has a chemical formula of [tex](NH_4)_3PO_4[/tex]. Here 3 molecules of [tex]NH_4^+[/tex] combines with 1 molecule of [tex]PO_4^{3-}[/tex].
  • When [tex]NH_4^+[/tex] combines with [tex]ClO_3^{-}[/tex], it produces an ionic compound that has a chemical formula of [tex]NH_4ClO_3[/tex]. Here 1 molecule of [tex]NH_4^+[/tex] combines with 1 molecule of [tex]ClO_3^{-}[/tex].
  • When [tex]Fe^{3+}[/tex] combines with [tex]PO_4^{3-}[/tex], it produces an ionic compound that has a chemical formula of [tex]FePO_4[/tex]. Here 1 mole of [tex]Fe^{3+}[/tex] combines with 1 molecule of [tex]PO_4^{3-}[/tex].
  • When [tex]Fe^{3+}[/tex] combines with [tex]ClO_3^{-}[/tex], it produces an ionic compound that has a chemical formula of [tex]Fe(ClO_3)_3[/tex]. Here 1 mole of [tex]Fe^{3+}[/tex] combines with 3 molecules of [tex]ClO_3^{-}[/tex].

Thus, the ionic compounds formed are [tex](NH_4)_3PO_4, NH_3ClO_3, FePO_4\text{ and }Fe(ClO_3)_3[/tex]

Learn more about ionic compounds here: https://brainly.com/question/19565800

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