The cross involves two gene having two alleles each.
Further Explanation:
Two phenotypes of parakeets was taken as the observation while breeding them. The phenotypes selected was:
As two traits has been selected so two genes would be involved for them and each gene has two alleles.
Four different offspring phenotype was observed after breeding. This could only be possible if the cross involved was a dihybrid cross.
The dihybrid cross involves two genes encoding two different traits. The dihybrid cross has the phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1. This ratio can be explained in the following manner:
1. 9 out of 16 has presence of atleast one allele in dominant form for both the genes. For example in this case it will be: Y_P_.
2. 3 out of 16 has presence of atleast one allele in dominant form for a gene and other gene will have recessive alleles. For example in this case it can be either Y_pp or yyP_.
3. 1 out of 16 has presence of both allele in recessive form of both the gene. For example in this case it will be yypp.
The phenotypic ratio can be calculated using the formula: [tex](2)^n[/tex].
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Answer Details:
Grade: College Biology
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Genetics
Keywords:
Genotype, cross, gene, allele, dihybrid cross, phenotypes, dominant form, recessive alleles, phenotypic ratio.
The number of genes and alleles that control these phenotypes are 2 gene, 2 alleles each.
Gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. It is made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make proteins. Genes are made up of DNA, a complex molecule that codes information genetically for the transmission of inherited traits, except in some viruses.
Allele is genetic sequences, and they too code for the transmission of traits
The difference between a gene and and allele are, allele is a variant form of a given gene. It is one of the possible forms of a gene. Most genes have two alleles, a dominant allele and a recessive allele.
The organism phenotype is the composite of the organism's observable characteristics. It covered the organism's morphology or physical form and structure, its behavior, and the products of behavior.
Because diploid organisms have two copies of each chromosome, they also have two of each gene. Since genes come in more than one version, an organism can have two of the same gene alleles or two different alleles.
Grade: 9
Subject: Biology
Chapter: phenotypes
Keywords: genes, alleles, phenotypes, biology, offspring
