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To weaken a Federalist attempt to pack the federal courts through late-term appointments authorized by the Judiciary Act of 1801, President Jefferson ordered a. Commissions for new judges not yet delivered to be withheld. b. New judges to surrender their commissions and cease holding court. c. The act declared null and void. d. U.S. marshals to close down federal courts until new legislation passed Congress.

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Answer:

The correct answer is A. To weaken a Federalist attempt to pack the federal courts through late-term appointments authorized by the Judiciary Act of 1801, President Jefferson ordered commissions for new judges not yet delivered to be withheld.

This situation led to the famous Marbury v. Madison case, because the new Secretary of State of the government of President Jefferson, James Madison, refused to deliver the appointment minutes because the new government was irritated by the maneuver of the Federalists to try to ensure control of the judiciary with the appointment of members of their party just before ceasing in government. However, Marbury turned to the Supreme Court to order Madison to give him his minutes.

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