Answer:
From the Western point of view, the crusades transformed Europe during its development as well as later.
During the crusades
- From an economic point of view, wars favored trade and the rise of commercial cities in Europe such as Venice and Marseille.
- This economic boom led to the rise of the bourgeoisie.
- In cultural terms, the members of the crusades came into contact with the heritage of classical Antiquity preserved by Byzantines and Arabs.
After the crusades
- In the political arena, the crusades helped consolidate the authority of the papacy over the whole of Christendom.
- Strengthening of European monarchies.
- Strengthening of Christianity and its religious symbols.
From the Islamic point of view, the crusades were seen as an act of imperialism in which many cruelties were committed against the non-Christian population.
